by Francesco Medici
Naoum Antoun Mokarzel (Freike, 1864-Paris, 1932) was a Lebanese political activist, influential intellectual and publisher, who immigrated to the United States where he established ‘Al-Hoda’ (The Guidance, 1898-1971), the largest Arabic daily in North America.
In 1923, on the occasion of the Silver Anniversary of ‘Al-Hoda,’ he was celebrated as a leading figure by the Maronite and the non-Maronite literary community of America, as well as by a number of American friends and colleagues. It is Mary Mokarzel, Naoum’s niece and biographer, who offers us a minute description of the special event in her book ‘al-Hoda, 1898-1968:’
“In the spring of 1923, when ‘AI-Hoda’ entered its twenty-fifth year, the Lebanese community in New York decided to sponsor a silver banquet in honor of its founder, Naoum Mokarzel. The impetus for the banquet came from leaders in the community, particularly it's business and literary figures. In their preparations, they cited the 25-year struggle waged by the publisher of ‘A1-Hoda’ for the independence of Lebanon and his services to all immigrants. A committee was formed and a group of notables invited. The party was held on April 7, 1923, at Hotel Bossert in Brooklyn, with 300 persons attending.
It was a unique affair, for it was attended by a variety of Lebanese: poets, writers, businessmen, intellectuals, professionals. It was an impressive moment for Lebanese immigrants, crowned with elegant poetry and eloquent speeches. The master of ceremonies was Joseph Namaan Malouf. The speakers included Kahlil Gibran, Princess Jamal Helou, Habib Istephan, Prince Youssef Shidid Abi Al Lamma, Mr. Salloum Mokarzel,[1] Rashid Ayoub, Dr. Elias Musallam, Dr. Najeeb Barbour, Mikhail Naimy, Melhem Hawi, Abdul Massih Haddad, Nadra Haddad, Assad Milkie, Yakoub Raphael, Abbas Abishakra, Alexander Antoun. At 2:00 a.m. the master of ceremonies had to cancel the remaining speeches so that Naoum himself could speak. The words were few and full of gratitude.”[2]
Naoum Mokarzel used his newspaper and publishing house to circulate Maronitism and Lebanese nationalism. His involvement in a number of sectarian brawls and legal disputes particularly with the publishers of rival Arabic New York-based newspapers, and his unwavering stances and criticism of the Syro-Lebanese diaspora community, which often engendered controversy and politico-sectarian division, led to his nickname ‘the Lebanese Tiger’ (al-Nimr al-Lubnani).
In her book mentioned above, Mary Mokarzel describes Gibran’s tribute to Naoum at the Silver Jubilee of ‘Al-Hoda’ as “the most suitable eulogy” ever made of his beloved uncle, and quotes part of the poet’s speech:
“You may differ with Naoum on political matters, but you can’t help respecting the man. You may disagree with him on a national issue, but you can’t but consider him a man of conviction. You may differ with him on a religious question, but you can’t but admire him as a man of his word. You may say whatever you wish, but you must admit, even secretly, that ‘Al-Hoda’ is the major journalistic vehicle and Naoum is its expert driver who fears nothing. What’s the secret of our respect for Naoum Mokarzel whether or not we agree with him? Here it is: he has an active and effective personality whose makings, characteristics and merits are markedly different from all other personalities.”[3]
The author would like to dedicate this article to Suha, Mikhail Naimy’s great-niece.
[1] Salloum Antoun Mokarzel (1881-1952) was the younger brother of Naoum and the successive editor-in-chief of ‘Al-Hoda.’ After his death, the daily came under his daughter Mary’s management. Salloum founded in New York City ‘The Syrian World’ (1926-1932), the first English-language magazine in the USA which was established by a Syrian immigrant.
[2] Mary Mokarzel, “al-Hoda, 1898-1968: The Story of Lebanon and Its Emigrants as taken from the Newspaper Al-Hoda,” New York: Al-Hoda Press, 1968, p. 38
